Improvement in churns



a shetp-sneetL A. MLLER;

Uhuru.

No; 213,127. Patented Mar, 11, 1879.

N'FEYEKS, PHOTO-LIHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C l f 6 SheetsSheet 2 A. MULLER'.

' Uhuru.

No. 213,127. Patented Mar'. 11, `1879.

N. PETERS. PHOTO-IFNHGHAFHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

d 6.Sheetsl-Sheet 3. A. MULLER.

- Ghurn. y l No. 213,127. Patented Mar. 11,1879.

ff@ y N. PETERS, FHQ`OLI`HOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D G 'I 6 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. MULLER.

O'hurn.

No. 213,127. l Patented Mar. l1, 18719.

N.FE!ERS. PHOTOJJTMQGRAFHER. WASHINGTDN D C l' '6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A. MULLER.. v

Chmn. No. 213,127. Patented Mar. 11, 1879.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLPH MLLER, 0F LNZEN,'PRUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 213,127, dated- March 11, 1879; application filed December 12, 1878.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADoLPH MLLER, of the city of Lenzen, in the Kingdom of Prussia, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Making Butter, of which the following is a speciiication:

The present invention relates to certain improvements in that class of churns or machines for making butter in which the dasher is arranged obliquely or diagonally within the ch urn-barrel or cream-receiver, and is combined with drivin g-gearin g for imparting a rotary motion to the same.

The invention consists in the construction I and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described, and then set forth in the claims.

In the accompanyin gdrawin gs, forming part of this speciiication, Figure l is a vertical section of a churn constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a portion of the churn-barrel, representing the ribbed bottom of the latter and manner of securing it to the base-plate or stand. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view, partly in section, representing the driving-gearing and the fastening devices at both sides of the churn-barrel for securing the same to the base-plate. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the device for retaining the upper bearing of the dasher-shaft. Fi g. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of churn. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a corrugated division-board of the revolving dasher. Fig. 8 is a det-ail view of the dasher, representing the ribbed portion of the divisionboard. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a modified' form of churn, the driving-gearing being in this instance supported on the churnbarrel. Fig. l0 is a cross-section of a portion of the churn-barrel, representing the smooth bottom and the shaft-bearin g. Fig. 11 is a detail view of the hand-crank. Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a churn in which the beater-wings are rounded o', and the churnbarrel is provided with a bottom block or cream-breaker. Fig. 13 is a cross-section of a churn barrel having such a bottom block. Figs. 14 to 16,inclusive, are detailviews of said bottom block or cream-breaker. Fig. 17 is a plan or top view of a churn-barrel, representing the manner of supporting the drivinggearing and fastening the cover. Figs. 18 and 1E) are detail views of the cover-fastening device.

The churn-barrel or cream-receiver A is preferably made of an elliptical' form, and is provided with a cover, B, which is detachably fastened to the churn-body by means of bolts a carried by the cover and projected into slotted plates on the churn-body. The dashershaft G passes diagonally or obliquely through the churn -ba-rrel, and has its lower end stepped into a bearing-block, d, at the side ofthe churnbarrel. The shaft Gr carries a quadrangular beater-board, H, which assumes a vertical position within the churn-barrel5 or, in other words, the bearing-points of the shaft are lo- Gated at diagonally opposite corners of said beater-board. The latter is perforated in the customary manner.

A circular board, j, is secured to the shaft G in such a manner as to divide the beaterboard into two triangular sections, and this circular board stands always at an angle of about forty-ve degrees in respect to the churnbarrel.

The object of the board j is to divide the cream-receiver into two compartments, and it may for this reason be .termed a division board.

It will, of course, be obvious that there will always be a communication maintained between these two compartments, so as to enable the proper circulation eof the cream to take place. h

The lower portion of the beaterboard-that is, the portion below the division-board-is provided with a second beater board, H', which is formed of two triangular sections running parallel with the shaft.

To one side of the churn-receiver is secured a vertical corrugated or notched strip, g, and the edges of the wings, located below the division-board, are notched or corrugated in a corresponding manner, so as to intermesh with said corrugated strip when the dasher is revolved.

The bottom of the churn-barrel is also provided with ribs or corrugations Ab, running lengthwise of the bottom, so that the dasherwings will, during their operation, also intermesh with said corrugated bottom.

The dasher-shaft, as previously mentioned, has its lower end stepped .within the churn` barrel. Its upper end is journaled in a bearing of such a construction that the shaft can be readily removed therefrom, when, by removing the cover B through the medium of the handles a2 thereon, the dasher can be withdrawn from the churn-barrel.

A stand or column, N, secured to the foundation or base-board O, has suitable bearings for a horizontal crank-shaft, M2, and this shaft carries a large bevel-gear wheel, M, which meshes into a smaller gear-wheel, M1, on the dasher-shaft. These devices constitute the driving-gearing.

The upper bearing for the 'dasher-shaft is constructed as follows, viz: Au angular block or lateral enlargement, m, at the top of the stand N, has a semicircular groove for receiving the journal on the dasher-shaft, and this angular block carries a pivoted latch, P, which is correspondingly grooved, so as to receive the dasher-shaft or the journal of the latter.

The latch is pivoted to the block m by the bolt n, and is held in a locked position by the screw o, passing through the block m and latch.

I will now proceed to describe the operation of a churn constructed inthe manner above described.

The crealn will, by the rotation of the dasher, be carried from one compartment to the other, and in doing so will be subjected to the beating action of the wings and the grinding or rubbing' actionof the corrugated strip on the side and bottom. By the position of the wings of the dasher and the oblique arrangement of the dasher-shaft the cream will not be thrown up on the side of the churn-barrel through which the shaft passes, and thus leakage will be prevented at the shaft-openin g. As the diagonal division-board does not come in contact with the sides or bottom of the churnbarrel the cream can easily circulate from one compartment to the other, and in doing so the globules of butter will be caused to coalesce in a quick and perfect manner. If the dasher is rotated to the right' the win gs on the under side of the division-board will cause a downward current of the cream, and then an upward current will take place on the upper side of the division-board, the wings on that side carrying the cream in an upward direction, and forcing or throwing it over the highest portion of the division-board.

I may state that the corrugations on the bottom of the churn-barrel do not extend to the sides thereof, thus not interferingv with the easy cleaning of the churn-barrel. The

latter is secured to the base-board O by means of blocks or abutments t, which are shouldered,

so as to enable the angular plates r on the churn-barrel to be pressed against said shoulders by a screw, s, passing through oneof said blocks t. v

In order to make the division-board a more active agent in rubbing or grinding up the butter-globules, Ipropose to corrugate or notch the periphery thereof, as shown at y in Fig. 7 or else to provide said board with top and bottom ribs t around its margin, as shown in the same ligure and in Fig. 8.

In certain instances I propose to dispense with the corrugated strip and corrugated bottom, and resort to the construction exhibited in Figs. 9, l0, and 17. In this form of churn the cover of the churn-barrel is made in two parts, B and F, the part B being locked to the churn-barrel, and the part F being easily detachable. A curved support, C, secured to the stationary part of the cover, receives the shaft which has the bevel-gear wheel meshing into the gear-wheel on the dasher-shaft. By withdrawing the bolts (shown more fully in Fig. 17) the part B of the cover, with its attached parts, can be removed, and then the dasher can be withdrawn.

The above is the most simple form of churn that can be devised.

I also propose to round off the edges of the dasher-wings, as shown by the letter i in Figs. l2 and 16, and use in connection with such a dasher concave cream-breaking blocks K, as is shown in Figs. 12 to 16, inclusive. A single block of the required concavity or curvature is secured to the bottom of the churn-barrel, at one side thereof. The block K may also be made straight, if desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the perforated beaterboard H, the bottom beater-wings, H', the diagonal shaft G, and the circular divisionboard j, extending diagonally through the beater-board, with the churn-barrel or creamreceiver, having suitable bearings Vfor the dasher-shaft, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination ofthe churn-barrel, having corrugated side strip or cream -brcaker and a corrugated bottom, with the dasher, composed of the oblique shaft, perforated and corrugated beater-board, perforated and corrugated beater-wings, and the circular divisionboard, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my'namc to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPH MULLER. Witnesses:

GERARD voN NAwnocKl,

EDWARD P. MAGLEAN. 

